Rulers:
• Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1519-1558)
• Cosimo I de’ Medici, Duke of Florence (1537-1569)
• Felipe II, King of Spain (1556-1598)
• Henri II, King of France (1547-1559)
• Mary I, Queen of Scotland (1542-1567)
Births:
• Wtenbogaert, Johannes (1557-1644)
Deaths:
• Altoviti, Bindo (1491-1557)
• Lotto, Lorenzo (1480-1557)
• Medici, Maria di Cosimo I de’ (1540-1557)
• Pontormo (1494-1557)
Art:
• Bruegel the Elder, Pieter (c.1525-1569): Parable of the Sower (1557)
• Vasari, Giorgio (1511-1574): Don Giovanni e Don Garzia de’ Medici (1556-58)
• Veronese, Paolo (1528-1588): Ritratto di Daniele Barbaro (1556-62)