Rulers:
• James Madison, 4th President of the United States (1809-1817)
• Louis XVIII, King of France (1814-1824)
• Napoleon I, Emperor of the French (1804-1815)
Events:
• Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie founded in Frankfurt am Main.
Deaths:
• Picton, Thomas (1758-1815)
Literature:
• Austen, Jane (1775-1817): Emma (1815)
Art:
• Canova, Antonio (1757-1822): Le tre Grazie (1813-1816)
• Canova, Antonio (1757-1822): Paride (1807-1816)
• Canova, Antonio (1757-1822): Teseo e il centauro (1804-1819)
• Goya, Francisco de (1746-1828): Autorretrato (1815, Academia)
• Goya, Francisco de (1746-1828): Autorretrato (1815, Prado)
• Turner, Joseph (1775-1851): Dido building Carthage (1815)