1819

Rulers:

• Charles XIV John, King of Sweden and Norway (1818-1844)

Fernando VII, King of Spain (1813-1833)

James Monroe, 5th President of the United States (1817-1825)

Louis XVIII, King of France (1814-1824)

Events:

Museo del Prado established in Madrid.

Births:

• Courbet, Gustave (1819-1877)

• Offenbach, Jacques (1819-1880)

• Ruskin, John (1819-1900)

• Van Gogh, Anna Cornelia (1819-1907)

Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1819-1901)

Deaths:

• Charles IV, King of Spain (1748-1819)

• María Luisa de Parma, Queen consort of Spain (1751-1819)

Literature:

• Keats, John (1795-1821): Lamia (1819)

Art:

• Canova, Antonio (1757-1822): Naiade (1819-24)

• Canova, Antonio (1757-1822): Teseo e il centauro (1804-19)

• Canova, Antonio (1757-1822): Testa di Paride (c.1819)

• Canova, Antonio (1757-1822): Venere e Marte (1817-22)

Constable, John (1776-1837): The White Horse (1818-19)

Géricault, Théodore (1791-1824): Lions dans un paysage montagneux (c.1818-20)

Géricault, Théodore (1791-1824): Tête d’homme guillotiné (1818-19)

Goya, Francisco (1746-1828): Disparate de bestia (1816-24)

Goya, Francisco (1746-1828): Disparate de tontos (c.1815-23)

Goya, Francisco (1746-1828): El tío Paquete (c.1819-20)

• Ingres, J. A. D. (1780-1867): Études (c.1817-20)

• Ingres, J. A. D. (1780-1867): Francesca da Rimini et Paolo Malatesta (1819)

• Ingres, J. A. D. (1780-1867): Paolo et Francesca (1819)

• Ingres, J. A. D. (1780-1867): Persée et Andromède (c.1819)

Turner, Joseph (1775-1851): San Giorgio Maggiore (1819)